秘密消息
from the FAS Project on Government Secrecy
Volume 2012, Issue No. 128
2012年12月20日

保密新闻博客:http://www.金博宝网站www.tumejico.com/blog/secrecy/

在监督下释放的拘留语言学家

Yesterday former Navy contract linguist James Hitselberger, who has been charged under the Espionage Act with mishandling classified records, was ordered released under supervision while awaiting trial.

Mr. Hitselberger is a multi-lingual translator and collector of rare documents, including records that are now housed in a dedicated collection at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. Unfortunately for him, the government says that his collection activity extends to some documents that are currently classified. (根据间谍法规收取的文件收集器，保密新闻，2012年11月7日）。

Prosecutors had opposed his pre-trial release, arguing that he had fled from law enforcement by traveling for months through Europe, and that he posed a flight risk. But Mr. Hitselberger's public defender argued effectively that could not have "fled" since he had not been charged with anything until recently, that he had traveled openly under his own name, that he remained in contact with his former employer, and that he voluntarily returned to a U.S. Army facility in Kuwait to recover his possessions.

鲁道夫·孔特雷拉斯（Rudolph Contreras）法官在今天发表的备忘录中总结说：“据他所知，希瑟伯格先生可以自由旅行。”“当他旅行时，他通过多种方式与许多人进行定期接触，公开使用他的美国护照，并愿意去军事基地，这是没有合理的逃犯。”

Therefore Judge Contreras ruled for the defense and granted his release, albeit under "high intensity supervision" and with "Global Positioning System monitoring" of his whereabouts.

Moreover, "he is expressly prohibited... from entering or being in the immediate vicinity of Union Station, any other bus or train station that provides service outside of the Washington metropolitan area, or any airport...."

Mr. Hitselberger has no record of criminal activity, no predisposition to violent behavior, and even prosecutors admit that he was not engaged in espionage on behalf of a foreign power. There is also no indication that even the mildest adverse consequence arose from his alleged conduct. And yet the government has opted to charge him with two felony counts under the Espionage Act, which seems like an extraordinary overreaction given the circumstances.

在不同的政策环境中，Hitselberger先生已经遭受了工作的损失和清除率的损失，本来会被认为是对这种类型和规模的犯罪的完全令人满意的回应。

因此，乔治·塞内特（George Tenet）在1997年的中央情报局确认听证会上关于他对泄漏的反应（在第108页）时说：“我不想起诉任何人；我想解雇某人。这会向人们发送正确的信号。”

But today, the Obama Justice Department seems unwilling to accept anything short of the maximum available punishment for unauthorized disclosures, at least for those who are not senior officials or acting under color of authority.

但是，这不仅是政府。本周，众议院和参议院采取了一种国会决议，敦促司法部“调查可能违反与未经授权的机密信息披露有关的联邦法律的行为，并补充说，“在适当的情况下，应对此类未经授权披露的个人进行起诉。在法律的全部范围内。”

参议院即将考虑进一步的反海裸立法。

同时，白宫昨天发布了一项新的“信息共享和保护和维护的国家战略”。

“为了促进我们的信息信任和保护我们的信息，政策和协调机构必须专注于识别，预防和减轻内幕威胁和外部入侵，而部门和机构则致力于增强数据级控制，自动监控以及交叉分类解决方案的能力，“战略指出。

CONGRESS PERMITS RECLASSIFICATION OF RESTRICTED DATA

根据国会在2013财年国防授权中批准的一项规定，可以将某些与限制数据类别（RD）删除并被指定为以前的限制数据（FRD）的某些与核武器有关的信息，并被指定为以前的限制性数据（FRD）。行为。

Until now, the removal of information from the Restricted Data category was irreversible, being prohibited by the Atomic Energy Act. That prohibition is nullified by the new legislation.

The authority to reclassify FRD as RD was requested by the Department of Energy last year.

能源部长史蒂文（Steven Chu）在8月4日的一项能源秘书史蒂文（Steven Chu）写道：“某些FRD中有敏感的核武器设计信息……现在应该受到与当前的国防部和情报界许可的更严格的安全保护。”，2011年的信。（（能源部希望将一些信息重新分类为“限制数据”, Secrecy News, January 17, 2012.)

从外面的角度来看，任何此类信息的重新分类将是无法检测到的，不应增加政府保密的增加。RD和FRD对公众同样不透明。

实际上，此举可能会产生积极的影响。通过从FRD类别中删除最敏感的信息，将其余的FRD视为“普通”机密信息并以有序的方式对其进行解密，应该变得更加可行。

Improving declassification procedures for FRD was among the recommendations presented to the White House earlier this month by thePublic Interest Declassification Board.

“c的朋友信息oncerns the military utilization of nuclear weapons, including storage locations and stockpile information and often dates from the end of World War II through the height of the Cold War," the PIDB explained in its report. "Although often no longer sensitive or current, this type of FRD information is of high interest to researchers yet remains largely unavailable to the public, because there is no process for systematically reviewing it for declassification and release under the terms of the Executive Order for national security information."

因此，PIDB建议：“应重新检查以前限制数据（FRD）信息的分类状态。应对系统解密审查历史FRD信息进行实施。”

在2010年给PIDB的一份声明中，美国科学家联合会建议将FRD类别完全消除，认为它已经变得过时和不必要。但是，这一步骤比PIDB准备走得更远。

The Senate voted last week to reauthorize the Public Interest Declassification Board until 2014, and the House followed suit yesterday by a vote of 409-1. Rep. Don Young of Alaska voted against the measure for reasons he did not explain.

CRS的离岸运输，化学武器等等

New and updated reports from the Congressional Research Service that Congress has not made available to the public include the following.

Offshoring (or Offshore Outsourcing) and Job Loss Among U.S. Workers, December 17, 2012:

Chemical Weapons: A Summary Report of Characteristics and Effects, December 13, 2012:

2012年12月18日，美国国会的党领袖，2012年12月18日：

U.S. Wind Turbine Manufacturing: Federal Support for an Emerging Industry, December 18, 2012:

2012年12月18日，对民用雇员和退休家族的幸存者福利：

联邦通信委员会：当前结构及其在不断变化的电信环境中的作用，2012年12月18日：

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Secrecy News is written by Steven Aftergood and published by the Federation of American Scientists.

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