[国会纪录：2008年1月28日（参议院）]关于雷德先生引入的账单和联合决议案的陈述：S. 2561.一项要求内部秘书进行主题研究以识别的条例草案纪念和解释冷战的网站和资源;向能源和自然资源委员会。里德先生。总统主席先生，75年前昨天，美国对美国土壤进行了第一批核试验 - 在内华达试验网站上称为法国人的一个典型的地区的一个千吨核装置的爆炸。这一首要核试验课程，称为项目肉豆蔻的第一核测试计划是代表无数美国人在我们所知道的冷战中的斗争中的努力。持续半个世纪，冷战是美国历史中最长的持续冲突。我们敌人的核心能力为我们国家的存在威胁构成了存在的威胁。大规模毁灭性威胁留下了美国生活的永久标志。通过技术成果，爱国主义和牺牲伟大的内华达州的人民以及整个国家的别人的牺牲，美国普遍存在衷。 It has been 18 years since the Malta Conference that marked the end of the Cold War, yet the contributions and sacrifices of generations of Americans have largely gone unrecognized. The time has come to recognize and honor those Americans who toiled in relative obscurity to bring us victory during this most dangerous conflict in our Nation's history. Today I introduce a bill that requires the Department of the Interior to conduct a study to identify sites and resources to commemorate heroes of the Cold War, and to interpret the Cold War for future generations. My legislation directs the Secretary of the Interior to establish a ``Cold War Advisory Committee'' to oversee the inventory of Cold War sites and resources; for potential inclusion in the National Park System; as national historic landmarks; or other appropriate designations. The Advisory Committee will work closely with State and local governments and local historical organizations. The Committee's starting point will be a Cold War study completed by the Secretary of Defense under the 1991 Defense Appropriations Act. Obvious Cold War sites of significance include: intercontinental ballistic missile launch sites; flight training centers; communications and command centers, such as Cheyenne Mountain, Colorado; nuclear weapons test sites, such as the Nevada Test Site; and sites of other strategic and tactical significance. Perhaps no state in the union played a more sigificant role than Nevada in winning the Cold War. The Nevada Test Site is a high-technology engineering marvel where the U.S. developed, tested, and perfected a nuclear deterrent that formed the cornerstone of America's security and leadership among nations. Of the 1,149 nuclear detonations conducted by U.S. as part of its nuclear testing program, 1,021 were performed at the Nevada Test Site. The Naval Air Station at Fallon, NV, home of the Navy's preeminent tactical air warfare training center, was also the site of Cold War-era nuclear testing. Hawthorne Army Depot, formerly known as the Hawthorne Army Ammunition Plant, likewise played an important role throughout the Cold War, serving as a staging area for conventional bombs, rockets, and ammunition as it had done since World War II. Nellis Air Force Base outside Las Vegas, home of the first dedicated air warfare and later air/ground training facility, provided to Cold War aviators and continues to provide advanced air combat training for U.S. and Allied forces. Generations of Nevadans bore and continue to bear extraordinary costs as a result of these critical contributions to the Cold War effort. The Advisory Committee established under this legislation will develop an interpretive handbook telling the story of the Cold War and its heroes. I'd like to take a moment to relate a story of one group of Cold War heroes. On a snowy evening, November 17, 1955, a U.S. Air Force C-54 cargo plane crashed near the summit of Mount Charleston in rural Nevada. Kept secret for years, we now know that the four aircrew and ten scientists aboard the doomed aircraft were bound for the secret Air Force Flight Test Center, where they were developing a top-secret spy plane that would become known as the U-2. These men who gave their lives that day helped build the plane that many critics said could never be built. Owing to the efforts of men like these, the critics were proved wrong: the U-2 remains a vital component of our reconnaissance forces to this day. As a result of the absolute secrecy surrounding their work, the families of the men who perished on Mount Charleston only recently learned the true circumstances of the crash that [[Page S397]] took the lives of their loved ones and the nature of their vital work. This legislation will provide $500,000 to identify historic landmarks, like the Mount Charleston crash site, to recognize and pay tribute to the sacrifices of these men and others. I would like to reiterate my thanks for Mr. Steve Ririe of Las Vegas, whose tireless efforts brought to light the events surrounding the death of these fourteen men on Mount Charleston over fifty years ago, and for the efforts of State Senator Raymond Rawson, who shepherded through the Nevada legislature a resolution honoring these heroes. A grateful Nation owes a debt of supreme gratitude to the silent heroes of the Cold War. I urge my colleagues to support this long- overdue tribute to the contribution and sacrifice of these Americans. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record. There being no objection, the text of the bill was ordered to be printed in the Record as follows: S. 2561 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS. (1) Advisory committee.--The term ``Advisory Committee'' means the Cold War Advisory Committee established under section 3. (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of the Interior. (3) Theme study.--The term ``theme study'' means the national historic landmark theme study conducted under section 2(a). SEC. 2. COLD WAR THEME STUDY. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a national historic landmark theme study to identify sites and resources in the United States that are significant to the Cold War. (b) Resources.--In conducting the theme study, the Secretary shall consider-- (1) the inventory of sites and resources associated with the Cold War completed by the Secretary of Defense under section 8120(b)(9) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1991 (Public Law 101-511; 104 Stat. 1906); and (2) historical studies and research of Cold War sites and resources, including-- (A) intercontinental ballistic missiles; (B) flight training centers; (C) manufacturing facilities; (D) communications and command centers (such as Cheyenne Mountain, Colorado); (E) defensive radar networks (such as the Distant Early Warning Line); (F) nuclear weapons test sites (such as the Nevada test site); and (G) strategic and tactical aircraft. (c) Contents.--The theme study shall include-- (1) recommendations for commemorating and interpreting sites and resources identified by the theme study, including-- (A) sites for which studies for potential inclusion in the National Park System should be authorized; (B) sites for which new national historic landmarks should be nominated; and (C) other appropriate designations; (2) recommendations for cooperative agreements with-- (A) State and local governments; (B) local historical organizations; and (C) other appropriate entities; and (3) an estimate of the amount required to carry out the recommendations under paragraphs (1) and (2). (d) Consultation.--In conducting the theme study, the Secretary shall consult with-- (1) the Secretary of the Air Force; (2) State and local officials; (3) State historic preservation offices; and (4) other interested organizations and individuals. (e) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date on which funds are made available to carry out this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report that describes the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the theme study. SEC. 3. COLD WAR ADVISORY COMMITTEE. (a) Establishment.--As soon as practicable after funds are made available to carry out this Act, the Secretary shall establish an advisory committee, to be known as the ``Cold War Advisory Committee'', to assist the Secretary in carrying out this Act. (b) Composition.--The Advisory Committee shall be composed of 9 members, to be appointed by the Secretary, of whom-- (1) 3 shall have expertise in Cold War history; (2) 2 shall have expertise in historic preservation; (3) 1 shall have expertise in the history of the United States; and (4) 3 shall represent the general public. (c) Chairperson.--The Advisory Committee shall select a chairperson from among the members of the Advisory Committee. (d) Compensation.--A member of the Advisory Committee shall serve without compensation but may be reimbursed by the Secretary for expenses reasonably incurred in the performance of the duties of the Advisory Committee. (e) Meetings.--On at least 3 occasions, the Secretary (or a designee) shall meet and consult with the Advisory Committee on matters relating to the theme study. SEC. 4. INTERPRETIVE HANDBOOK ON THE COLD WAR. Not later than 4 years after the date on which funds are made available to carry out this Act, the Secretary shall-- (1) prepare and publish an interpretive handbook on the Cold War; and (2) disseminate information in the theme study by other appropriate means. SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act $500,000. ____________________