The field of artificial intelligence is habitually susceptible to exaggerated claims and expectations. But when it comes to new applications in health care, some of those claims may prove to be valid, saysa new reportfrom the JASON scientific advisory panel.
“Overall, JASON finds that AI is beginning to play a growing role in transformative changes now underway in both health and health care, in and out of the clinical setting.”
“人们可以想象，例如，人们可以每周使用手机检查自己的癌症或心脏病生物标志物水平，以了解自己的个人基线和趋势，或性接触前基于电话的艾滋病毒测试。”
Already, automated skin cancer detection programs have demonstrated performance comparable to human dermatologists.
The JASON report was requested and sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. SeeArtificial Intelligence for Health and Health Care, JSR-17-Task-002, December 2017.
Benefits aside, there are new opportunities for deception and scams, the report said.
“There is potential for the proliferation of misinformation that could cause harm or impede the adoption of AI applications for health. Websites, apps, and companies have already emerged that appear questionable based on information available.”
Fundamentally,the JASONs said, the future of AI in health care depends on access to private health data.
“对于AI应用程序的开发和最终实施，高质量数据的可用性和访问权限至关重要。某些此类数据的存在已经证明了其在提供医学成像中AI应用程序的机会方面的价值。”
“一个主要的倡议是两个g in the U.S. to collect a massive amount of individual health data, including social behavioral information. This is a ten year, $1.5B National Institutes of Health (NIH) Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI) project called All of Us Research Program. The goal is to develop a 1,000,000 person-plus cohort of individuals across the country willing to share their biology, lifestyle, and environment data for the purpose of research.”
But all such efforts raise knotty questions of data security and personal privacy.
“PMI has recognized from the start of this initiative that no amount of de-identification (anonymization) of the data will guarantee the privacy protection of the participants.”
Lately, the US Government has barred access by non-US researchers to a National Cancer Institute database concerning Medicare recipients, according to a story inThe Lancet Oncology. See“International access to major US cancer database halted”by Bryant Furlow, January 18, 2018 (sub. req’d.).
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