[国会记录：2007年1月4日（参议院）] [第S183-S185]报表ON提出的法案和决议案联合的幽灵先生：S. 187.法案提供足够的资源，以便美国的人对国外的电子监控要在美国依据进行情报目的，以个性化的法院发出命令，呼叫发起，以提供额外的资源，以加强监督和精简的1978年外国情报监视法的程序，以确保恐怖分子监视计划通过审查美国最高法院，以及用于其他目的;对司法委员会。幽灵先生。主席先生，我再次引入S. 4051，这是我在去年的11月14日最初引入的文本。和标题关节连接它在一个简洁的方式，所以我会读了。它是：一项法案，以提供足够的资源，以允许美国人员为外国情报目的的电子监控在美国授权进行因材施教法院签发手令呼叫发起，以提供额外的资源，以加强监督和简化程序1978年外国情报监视法案，并确保恐怖分子监视计划由美国最高法院的审查。我提出了一些在第109届国会的努力，受到总统的监察计划，以司法审查按照现行法律，搜索和扣押令或窃听不该没有一个法官做出可能的原因的调查结果发出 and authorizing that kind of a search and seizure or that kind of a wiretap. Without going into the entire history, that bill was refined to the point where it is articulated in S. 4051 of the 109th Congress, which would provide for individualized warrants for calls originating in the United States and going out. That can be accomplished, according to the CIA, if there are additional resources, which this bill provides, and if the time for retroactive approval is extended from 3 days to 7 days. With respect to calls originating outside the United States and coming in, [[Page S184]] we are advised there are simply too many of those to cover, so that on those calls the bill would expedite the judicial review which is currently in process. A Federal court in Detroit has declared the President's program unconstitutional, and it is now pending in the Sixth Circuit. This bill would mandate review by the Supreme Court of the United States and would put review in the Federal courts on an accelerated timetable. There are objections to proceeding with legislation along this line because of an interest in having hearings. Well, we have had a whole series of hearings, and the administration has refused to tell the Judiciary Committee the details of the program. Under our division of authority, it is the Intelligence Committee which has jurisdiction over this kind of a program. But, we could proceed with hearings and still enact legislation which would provide constitutional protection for calls originating in the United States, which is the more serious category. Citizens here, people here in the United States, would have individual warrants and a judicial determination of probable cause before the surveillance and the wiretaps were put into effect. Meanwhile, the program goes on. It has been going on since late 2001. It has been known to the public since December 16, 2005. And each day that passes, there are more taps, there are more searches and seizures, there is more surveillance, which may not comport with constitutional provisions. There may be the motivation to show that the President has broken the law. And there is no doubt that the surveillance program does violate the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978. But the President contends that he has inherent article II power as Commander in Chief which supersedes the statute. And he may be right about that. But only a court can determine. And under the existing standards, the court must make a determination of the nature of the invasion of privacy contrasted with the importance for the public welfare of providing security. That is a judicial function. It seems to me that where you have an avenue to have probable cause established in the traditional way on calls going out of the United States, we ought to utilize it. We ought not to have that program continue in effect without having that kind of constitutional procedure. And then, as to calls originating outside of the United States, if the President is right, that can be determined by the courts. Let that proceed in that manner. And, the justification for delay--that we need to show the President of the United States has violated the law--is a wholly insufficient justification to withhold legislation that would be a major improvement to this surveillance program. We can conclude, in my view, that he has violated FISA. But to repeat--and I do not like to repeat--he may have the constitutional authority for the surveillance program, but that has to be determined by a judicial proceeding. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that a copy of the bill be printed in the Record. There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in the Record, as follows: S. 187 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Oversight and Resource Enhancement Act of 2007''. TITLE I--ENHANCEMENT OF RESOURCES AND PERSONNEL FOR ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE FOR FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE PURPOSES SEC. 101. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE COURT MATTERS. (a) Authority for Additional Judges.--Section 103(a) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1803(a)) is amended-- (1) by inserting ``(1)'' after ``(a)''; (2) in paragraph (1), as so designated, by inserting ``at least'' before ``seven of the United States judicial circuits''; (3) by designating the second sentence as paragraph (4) and indenting such paragraph, as so designated, accordingly; and (4) by inserting after paragraph (1), as so designated, the following new paragraph: ``(2) In addition to the judges designated under paragraph (1), the Chief Justice of the United States may designate as judges of the court established by paragraph (1) such judges appointed under Article III of the Constitution of the United States as the Chief Justice determines appropriate in order to provide for the prompt and timely consideration under section 105 of applications under section 104 for electronic surveillance under this title. Any judge designated under this paragraph shall be designated publicly.''. (b) Consideration of Emergency Applications.--Such section is further amended by inserting after paragraph (2), as added by subsection (a) of this section, the following new paragraph: ``(3) A judge of the court established by paragraph (1) shall make a determination to approve, deny, or seek modification of an application submitted under section subsection (f) or (g) of section 105 not later than 24 hours after the receipt of such application by the court.''. SEC. 102. ADDITIONAL PERSONNEL FOR PREPARATION AND CONSIDERATION OF APPLICATIONS FOR ORDERS APPROVING ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE. (a) Office of Intelligence Policy and Review.-- (1) Additional personnel.--The Office of Intelligence Policy and Review of the Department of Justice is authorized such additional personnel, including not fewer than 21 full- time attorneys, as may be necessary to carry out the prompt and timely preparation, modification, and review of applications under section 104 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1804) for orders under section 105 of that Act (50 U.S.C. 1805) approving electronic surveillance for foreign intelligence purposes. (2) Assignment.--The Attorney General shall assign personnel authorized by paragraph (1) to and among appropriate offices of the National Security Agency in order that such personnel may directly assist personnel of the Agency in preparing applications described in that paragraph. (b) Federal Bureau of Investigation.-- (1) Additional legal and other personnel.--The National Security Branch of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is authorized such additional legal and other personnel as may be necessary to carry out the prompt and timely preparation of applications under section 104 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 for orders under section 105 of that Act approving electronic surveillance for foreign intelligence purposes. (2) Assignment.--The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation shall assign personnel authorized by paragraph (1) to and among the field offices of the Federal Bureau of Investigation in order that such personnel may directly assist personnel of the Bureau in such field offices in preparing applications described in that paragraph. (c) Additional Legal and Other Personnel for National Security Agency.--The National Security Agency is authorized such additional legal and other personnel as may be necessary to carry out the prompt and timely preparation of applications under section 104 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 for orders under section 105 of that Act approving electronic surveillance for foreign intelligence purposes. (d) Additional Legal and Other Personnel for Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court.--There is authorized for the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court such additional personnel (other than judges) as may be necessary to facilitate the prompt and timely consideration by that Court of applications under section 104 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 for orders under section 105 of that Act approving electronic surveillance for foreign intelligence purposes. Personnel authorized by this paragraph shall perform such duties relating to the consideration of such applications as that Court shall direct. (e) Supplement Not Supplant.--The personnel authorized by this section are in addition to any other personnel authorized by law. SEC. 103. TRAINING OF FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION AND NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY PERSONNEL IN FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE MATTERS. The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Director of the National Security Agency shall each, in consultation with the Attorney General-- (1) develop regulations establishing procedures for conducting and seeking approval of electronic surveillance on an emergency basis, and for preparing and properly submitting and receiving applications and orders, under sections 104 and 105 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1804 and 1805); and (2) prescribe related training for the personnel of the applicable agency. TITLE II--IMPROVEMENT OF FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE AUTHORITY SEC. 201. EXTENSION OF PERIOD FOR APPLICATIONS FOR ORDERS FOR EMERGENCY ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE. Section 105(f) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1805(f)) is amended by striking ``72 hours'' both places it appears and inserting ``168 hours''. SEC. 202. ACQUISITION OF FOREIGN-FOREIGN COMMUNICATIONS. (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act or the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), no court order shall be required [[Page S185]] for the acquisition through electronic surveillance of the contents of any communication between one person who is not located within the United States and another person who is not located within the United States for the purpose of collecting foreign intelligence information even if such communication passes through, or the surveillance device is located within, the United States. (b) Treatment of Intercepted Communications Involving Domestic Party.--If surveillance conducted, as described in subsection (a), inadvertently collects a communication in which at least one party is within the United States, the contents of such communications shall be handled in accordance with the minimization procedures set forth in section 101(h)(4) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1801(h)(4)). (c) Definitions.--In this section, the terms ``contents'', ``electronic surveillance'', and ``foreign intelligence information'' have the meaning given such terms in section 101 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1801). SEC. 203. INDIVIDUALIZED FISA APPLICATIONS. The contents of any wire or radio communication sent by a person who is reasonably believed to be inside the United States to a person outside the United States may not be retained or used unless a court order authorized under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act is obtained. SEC. 204. ISSUES RESERVED FOR THE COURTS. Nothing in this Act shall be deemed to amend those provisions of FISA concerning any wire or radio communication sent from outside the United States to a person inside the United States. The constitutionality of such interceptions shall be determined by the courts, including the President's claim that his Article II authority supersedes FISA. TITLE III--ENHANCED CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT AND SUPREME COURT REVIEW OF THE TERRORIST SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM SEC. 301. CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT. (a) Electronic Surveillance Under FISA.--Section 108 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1808) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)(2)-- (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the end; (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period and inserting ``; and''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(D) the authority under which the electronic surveillance is conducted.''; and (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following: ``(b) On a semiannual basis, the Attorney General additionally shall fully inform the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate on electronic surveillance conducted without a court order.''. (b) Intelligence Activities.--The National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 401 et seq.) is amended-- (1) in section 501 (50 U.S.C. 413)-- (A) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); and (B) by inserting after subsection (e) the following new subsection: ``(f) The Chair of each of the congressional intelligence committees, in consultation with the ranking member of the committee for which the person is Chair, may inform, on a bipartisan basis, all members or any individual members of such committee of a report submitted under subsection (a)(1) or subsection (b) as such Chair considers necessary.''; and (2) in section 502 (50 U.S.C. 414), by adding at the end the following new subsection: ``(d) Informing of Committee Members.--The Chair of each of the congressional intelligence committees, in consultation with the ranking member of the committee for which the person is Chair, may inform, on a bipartisan basis, all members or any individual members of such committee of a report submitted under subsection (a) as such Chair considers necessary.''. SEC. 302. SUPREME COURT REVIEW OF THE TERRORIST SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM. (a) In General.--Upon appeal by the United States or any party to the underlying proceedings, the Supreme Court of the United States shall review the final decision of any United States court of appeal concerning the legality of the Terrorist Surveillance Program. (b) Expedited Consideration.--It shall be the duty of the Supreme Court of the United States to advance on the docket and to expedite to the greatest possible extent the disposition of any matter brought under subsection (a). (c) Definition.--In this section, the term ``Terrorist Surveillance Program'' means the program identified by the President of the United States on December 17, 2005, to intercept international communications into and out of the United States of persons linked to al Qaeda or related terrorist organizations. TITLE IV--OTHER MATTERS SEC. 401. DEFINITION. In this Act, the term ``Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court'' means the court established by section 103(a) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1803(a)). SEC. 402. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this Act and the amendments made by this Act. SEC. 403. EFFECTIVE DATE. This Act, and the amendments made by this Act, shall take effect on the date that is 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. ______