国会纪录：2001年8月3日（参议院）关于提出的账单和新罕布什尔州的史密斯先生引入的账单和联合决议案）：S. 1368。一项关于修订冠军10，美国的条例草案守则，改进辩护部的组织和管理关于太空计划和活动，以及其他目的;向武装服务委员会。Allard先生。主席先生，今天我兴起，与参议员鲍勃史密斯一起介绍，该法案是一项改善捍卫卫星部的组织和管理的条例草案，涉及空间方案和活动。对于我很好的朋友，我想扩大祝贺成为建立“委员会”的推动力，以评估美国国家安全空间管理和组织“或更好地称为导致这项立法的太空委员会。委员会研究了组织和管理在发展和实施国家级指导方面的作用以及建立国家安全领域能力的规划，获取和运营制度，规划，规划和预算规划。委员会发现的是，美国依赖空间正在为我们的空间系统创造脆弱性和需求，这需要空间被认为是最大的国家安全优先级。这一优先事项必须与总统开始，并且必须由该国的领导者接受。参议员史密斯，我同意空间必须是一个首要任务，这就是为什么我们正在介绍这项立法的原因。 We want this to be a statement to everyone, that space is a priority and must be treated as such. The Commission also concluded that these new vulnerabilities and demands are not adequately addressed by the current management structure at the Department. The Commission found that a number of space activities should be merged, chains of command adjusted, lines of communications opened and policies modified to achieve greater responsibility and accountability. I understand the Department is making some of these changes today. However, we believe Congress should show its support to our military men and women involved in space that Congress wants them to succeed and that we will provide the tools for them to achieve that goal. This legislation will provide the Secretary of Defense the tools he needs for more effective management and organization of space program and activities. Specifically the legislation: Provides permissive authority for the Secretary of Defense to establish an Under Secretary of Defense for Space, Intelligence and Information--This permissive authority will provide the Secretary of Defense flexibility. Designates the duties of the Under Secretary of Defense for Space, Intelligence and Information, provides for an additional Assistant Secretary of Defense (conditional on creation of the new Under Secretary of Defense position). This provision follows the recommendations of the Commission. Requires the Secretary of Defense to issue a report 30 days prior to exercise of the authority to establish the new Under Secretary position on the proposed organization; and requires a report one year after enactment if the new position has not been created to describe how the intent of the Space Commission is being implemented. Establishes the Secretary of the Air Force as the Executive Agent for DOD space programs for DOD functions designated by the Secretary of Defense; and assigns to acquisition executive function to the Under Secretary of the Air Force. The Secretary of Defense has flexibility in assigning and defining functions of the Executive Agent; Assigns the Under Secretary of the Air Force as the director of the NRO; and directs the Under Secretary of the Air Force to coordinate the space activities of DOD and the NRO; Directs the Under Secretary of the Air Force to establish a space career field and directs the Secretary of the Air Force to assign the Commander of Air Force Space Command to manage the space career field. Establishment of career field is an important commission recommendation and key indicator concerning AF implementation. Requires that, to the maximum extent practicable, space programs be jointly managed. I believe this will encourage the Army and Navy to develop space personnel. Creates a major force program for space which will provide visibility into space program funding. Requires a GAO assessment of the progress made by DOD in implementing the recommendations of the Space Commission. Requires the commander of Air Force Space Command to be a four star general; and prohibits the commander of Air Force Space Command from serving concurrently as CINCSPACE or and commander of the U.S. element of NORAD--Elevates space component commander to level of all other major Air Force component commanders Finally, it expresses the sense of Congress that CINCSPACE should be the best qualified four-star officer from the Army, Navy, Marines, or Air Force--Rotation of CINCSPACE will encourage Army, Navy, and Marines to develop space expertise [[Page S8941]] These measures provide the authority which, if exercised by the Secretary, can provide the focus and attention that space programs and activities deserve. This is imperative in a world where some technology's life span can be less than 24 months. DOD must be able to respond to these changing environments. Mr. President, I want to thank my colleague for joining with me in this effort to provide the Department the tools it needs to make space a top national security priority. We look forward to seeing this bill becoming law and welcome all Senators to join us on this important legislation. Mr. SMITH of New Hampshire. Mr. President, I am pleased to send to the desk a bill that will make improvements in our current national security space management and organization. I am delighted to stand here today and state that the Department of Defense is moving forward to implement the recommendations of the Commission to Assess United States National Security Space Management and Organization, more commonly known as the Space Commission. I pushed my colleagues to charter this group of 13 senior military-space experts in the Fiscal Year 1999 Defense Authorization Act to assess the management of military space matters today and make recommendations to strengthen the national security space organization in the future. It is a wonderful coincidence that the chairman of the bipartisan Space Commission, the Honorable Donald Rumsfeld, was appointed by President Bush and confirmed by the Senate for the position of Secretary of Defense. As a result, Secretary Rumsfeld brings to his position a keen appreciation of the importance of space to the future national security of the United States. The Space Commission, the efforts of the Secretary of Defense, and this proposed legislation will set this nation on a bold new course. More than fifty years ago, this nation took a similar bold step in establishing military air power with the creation of the U.S. Air Force. This decision, under the National Security Act of 1947, was signed into law by President Truman and dramatically restructured our institutional approach to military air power. This restructuring resulted from years of air-power management problems under the Army, insufficient reforms under the Army Air Corps established in 1926, and assessments of numerous committees like the recent Space Commission. The military management and organizational reforms of fifty years ago were a great success, and today, quite a bit has changed for the better. As a result of the formation of a separate service focused on air power, we soon developed, and have had, right up to today, the best equipped and best trained Air Force in the world. The U.S. Air Force is capable of surpassing any enemy. However, we have come to see that there are structural limitations inherent in the Air Force today with respect to space power just as there were in the Army fifty years ago with respect to air power. The Army has been structured to meet ground requirements. Its training, doctrine, leaders, and culture are all focused on fighting ground battles. For systemic reasons, the Army was not able to develop a strong, viable military air power. Therefore, the Air Force was created by the 1947 National Security Act which called for the creation of a separate organization designed to deal specifically with air power. There are many parallels between the early struggle for air power that led to the creation of the Air Force and the issues we face today in seeking space power. The similarities between these two issues are truly astounding. Today, space is used only in support of air, land, and sea warfare in much the same manner that air power was at first seen as only a way to support ground forces. Space today is used to provide ``information superiority'' in support of other missions, but there is the potential for so much more. We, as a Nation, need to stop talking and dreaming of a dominant space presence and start doing. We must recognize the importance of space as a permanent frontier for the military, so that America may proceed into space with the same confidence, assurance, and authority that marked our entrance into the skies. Currently, space programs are raided for funds ten times more often than other Air Force programs because space programs are either not aggressively defended and/or not aggressively executed consistent with the intent of Congress. Other space opportunities like the military space plane, an air and space vehicle promising future power projection from the U.S. to anywhere in the world in 45 minutes or less, are extremely important to the cost-effective transformation of the military especially during this period of shrinking American military presence around the globe. Yet the space plane and most of the space programs continue to be underfunded. We need a better leader in space. The reason for this is simple: the top priority of the Air Force is and will remain air power, not space power. The top jobs do and will continue to elude space officers in an Air Force run by pilots unless we can create an organization whose job it would be to defend space programs, to make sure that funding for space opportunities goes where it is supposed to go, and does not get rerouted back to other non-space programs. Space is too important a frontier and too vital a resource to be allowed to remain untapped and unexplored, undefended and unmanned. America's future security and prosperity depends on our constant vigilance. We cannot afford to ignore space because our enemies will not. While we are ahead of any potential rival in exploiting space, we are not unchallenged. Our future superiority is by no means assured. To ensure superiority, we must combine expansive thinking with a sustained and substantial commitment of resources and vest them in a dedicated, politically powerful, independent advocate for space. The way it is organized today, the Air Force is not building the material, cultural, or organizational foundations of a service dedicated to space power. Where are the space science and technology investments? Where is the funding for key space-power programs? Where are the personnel investments? What concrete steps are being taken to build a dedicated cadre of young space-warfare officers? Before closing, let me assure my colleagues of what this legislation is and what it is not. This legislation is about streamlined management, efficient operations, and the elimination of redundancy. It is about establishing an advocate for space who can evaluate space opportunities and bring those proposals forward to the President and Congress for disposition. It is about maximizing the national-security capability for every tax dollar spent. I have seen press stories that twisted Secretary Rumsfeld's support of the Space Commission recommendations as an intent to weaponize space. Let me assure my colleagues that this bill does not weaponize space. This is about management and organization. It is about good government. Enacting this legislation merely ensures that the concrete management reforms recommended by the Space Commission are implemented quickly. The Secretary of Defense, the Services, and the Intelligence Community all support the unanimous bipartisan recommendations from the Space Commission. I urge my Colleagues to support this bill which implements those recommendations. Space is critical to the future of this nation. It is important for Congress to provide leadership so that these recommendations are implemented quickly and not watered-down. While the Secretary does have broad management authority to run the Department of Defense, space is too important to be managed in-the- margin or through loopholes in statute. Just as Congress established the Army Air Corps in 1926 and the Air Force in 1947, it is right that Congress legislate these space management reforms. Space dominance is too important to the success of future warfare to allow any bureaucracy, military department, or parochial concern to stand in the way. To protect America's interests we need to move forward consistent with the spirit of the Space Commission. This legislation is a good first step. ______