2010审议大会开始

由艾丽西亚Godsberg

今天标志着第八届审议大会的条约在联合国开幕的核武器不扩散。在一般性辩论开始的今天,这周五将持续至周四,与非政府组织提交给代表们结束的一周。今天的全体会议提供从美国和印尼的一些启示,可以在一般的影响审议大会的其余部分,核不扩散和裁军制度...

代表美国国务卿希拉里·克林顿表示,从今天起向前美国会使其核武库的公共大小and the number of nuclear weapons it has dismantled since 1991. This measure of transparency is meant to show the irreversible steps the U.S. is taking and has taken toward fulfilling its nuclear disarmament obligation enshrined in Article VI of the NPT (for more detail on this disclosure, see汉斯·克里斯滕森的帖子)。此外,国务卿克林顿宣布,政府“将提交协议,美国参议院批准我们已经建立了在非洲和南太平洋核武器自由区参与”(佩林达巴条约和条约的条约拉罗汤加岛的),创建一个长期追求的具有法律约束力的义务,不使用或威胁使用核武器的国家。

Regarding a NWFZ in the Middle East, Secretary Clinton said the U.S. would, “reaffirm our commitment to the objective of a Middle East free of these weapons of mass destruction, and we are prepared to support practical measures that will move us toward achieving that objective.” This is an important departure from previous language, in which this and previous administrations voiced their support for a NWFZ in the Middle East, but did not go as far as to say they would support any measures to that end. The implementation of a NWFZ in the Middle East was a key “carrot” the U.S. and other nuclear weapon states parties used to secure the indefinite extension of the NPT at the 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference, and the U.S. has been criticized by many states parties, especially in the Arab League, for its part in the overall lack of action to create of this NWFZ because of its relationship with Israel – one of only three non-signatories to the NPT and a country known to have nuclear weapons (although Israel has never made this information officially public).

从美国的最后一个重要的启示是,$ 50M正在致力于国际原子能机构(IAEA)建立的一项新举措核能的和平利用。这一举措将帮助感兴趣的核电发展必要的基础设施的安全,可靠和抗扩散的方式状态。The U.S. has been accused by many non-nuclear weapon states parties to the NPT of interfering with the exercising of the “inalienable right” to the use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes enshrined in Article IV of the Treaty by putting non-Treaty specified restrictions on the export of certain nuclear technology, such as uranium enrichment and reprocessing technology, because of these technologies could be used to manufacture fissile material for use in nuclear weapons. This new initiative is a way for the U.S. to continue to restrict sensitive technology while also promoting the peaceful uses of nuclear energy by funding technical cooperation with interested states parties and the IAEA.

These measures, along with the reduced role of nuclear weapons in the new NPR and the signing of the New START treaty with the Russian Federation, were touted by Secretary Clinton as concrete steps of the U.S. toward fulfilling its nuclear disarmament obligation enshrined in Article VI of the Treaty. Many countries made mention of these positive developments in U.S. policy, but many also expressed disappointment at the continuation of nuclear deterrence in the security policies of nuclear weapon states parties (NWS) and the lack of implementation of commitments from previous RevCons, such as the implementation of the13项具体措施核裁军和实施无核武器区中东

印度尼西亚外交部长宣布,他的国家正在采取措施批准全面禁止核试验条约(CTBT)而尚未这样做的工作,批准敦促其他国家。印尼批准该条约是很重要的,因为它是在该条约是必要批准之前,该条约能够生效,但还没有这样做的附件二中列出的9个国家之一。印尼外长的启示是因此显著,并且有希望冲击八其余保持退出的国家,包括美国的决定。奥巴马政府已承诺全面禁试条约的批准工作,但对参议院批准意见和同意,不能保证。

有关审议大会之前,民间社会活动过去的这个周末在纽约的信息,请参阅FAS开发博客

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